Ig. Jaka Mulyana, Moses Laksono Singgih, Sri Gunani Partiwi and Yustinus Budi Hermanto
Extended Abstract
Waste in HEIs is difficult to identify, so identifying and prioritizing waste is challenging. This research aims to develop a framework within which to identify and prioritize waste reduction in HEIs. The novelty of this study is that it analyzes and prioritizes waste in HEI from the perspective of four stakeholders in teaching, research, and community services, as well as supporting activities. The process of waste identification was undertaken via observation and literature review, while prioritization of waste was based on the criticality level of waste (CLoW). Determining the criticality level of waste (CLoW) consists of two stages: the first stage is calculating waste scores using questionnaires from students, lecturers, and education staff; the second stage is calculating the critical level of waste using a questionnaire from HEI leaders and analyzing it with fuzzy methods. This study identified 59 types of waste and grouped them into eight types: over-production, over-processing, waiting, motion, transportation, inventory, defects, and underutilization talent. Waste occurs in three HEI activities: teaching, research, community service, and supporting activities. The results also show the priority order of waste reduction and proposed improvements to reduce waste. This study offers a practical contribution to the management of HEIs to identify and prioritize waste reduction. The theoretical contribution of this study is that it fills the research gap of waste reduction prioritization in all aspects of HEI activities involving all HEI stakeholders involved in the business process, namely, students, academics, non-academic staff, and HEI leaders.
Keywords: CLoW; waste priority; LM education; higher education institution (HEI)
1. INTRODUCTION
Lean manufacturing (LM) has reduced waste and increased efficiency. LM is a method for improving quality and efficiency in manufacturing and service industries. Initially, LM was implemented in the automotive industry, then adopted by other industries, including textile, construction, food, medical, electrical and electronics, ceramic, furniture, and service. Lean manufacturing is a management philosophy and methodology concerned with the endless pursuit of eliminating waste. Waste is anything that adds cost, but not value, to a product or final customers. Waste was initially recognized in manufacturing as excessive movement, excessive transportation, waiting time, excess inventory, defective products, excess production quantities, and excessive processes.
2. PROPOSED FRAMEWORK
Waste prioritization must involve stakeholders directly involved in HEI’s business processes. This framework aims to determine waste reduction priorities in HEI. Figure 1 shows the several stages in the framework. The process of prioritizing waste involves students, academics, non-academic staff, and heads of study programs. Prioritizing waste is determined based on the criticality level of waste (CLoW) value, which is calculated through several stages, as follows.
3. RESULTS
The framework is used at a private university in Indonesia, which was established in 1960. Currently, the university has 22 departments, 1 postgraduate school, a vocational school, engineer professional programs, pharmacist professional programs, nurse professions, teacher professional education, and medical professional education. The university has more than 7000 students and 400 academic staff.
4. CONCLUSIONS
criticality level of waste (CLoW) framework developed in this article can be used by organizations, especially HEIs, to determine waste reduction priorities. This framework has been applied to a private university and can be applied in a public university because both have the same business process, namely, the three pillars of the HEI process: teaching, research, and community service, as well as supporting activities.